A new study has found that popular weight-loss and diabetes medications may be associated with an increased risk of hair loss and nail issues
New study links GLP-1 weight loss drugs to hair and nail complications (stock image)(Image: Getty )
A recently published study has uncovered a connection between widely used weight-loss and diabetes drugs and a heightened risk of hair and nail problems. The findings, presented at the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Congress, indicate that medications such as Semaglutide (Ozempic and Wegovy) and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro and Zepbound) may produce unforeseen dermatological side effects.
While these GLP-1 receptor agonists are extensively prescribed to treat type 2 diabetes and facilitate substantial weight loss, there have been reports of certain physical changes in patients. This new multi-country research represents one of the first significant controlled trials to formally examine such claims.
The study assessed 575 people actively using GLP-1 medications across France, the United States, Brazil, and Mexico. Researchers then compared their experiences with a control group of 1,329 people who had obesity or type 2 diabetes but had never taken the drugs.
The results revealed a striking difference in nail health between the two groups. Most significantly, 39% of GLP-1 users developed onycholysis, a condition whereby the nail detaches from the nail bed. By contrast, only 9% of the control group reported experiencing this problem, reports the Mirror.
Nail discolouration affected 46% of those taking the medications, compared with just 17% of non-users. Overall, two-thirds of the GLP-1 patients encountered at least one form of nail disorder.
“Until now, nail changes associated with GLP-1 therapies had essentially been anecdotal,” said study author Dr Charles Taïeb. “Our findings show a clear association, but they also underline an important point: not everything that happens during GLP-1 treatment is necessarily caused by the treatment itself.”
Hair health was also a notable concern. A separate analysis presented at the same conference revealed that 50% of GLP-1 users experienced abnormal hair loss, in contrast to 34% in the control group.
“These changes are frequent, usually benign, and are not a reason to stop an effective treatment on one’s own initiative,” study author Dr Bruno Haliou said. “Anyone who notices hair shedding, an itchy or red scalp or nail changes should mention it to their doctor rather than discontinue therapy.”
Medical professionals warn that the research demonstrates a strong correlation, rather than definitive proof, that the medication directly harms hair and nails. The complications may instead be a secondary response to swift weight reduction.
Sudden decreases in body weight can place stress on the system, interfering with the natural growth patterns of both hair and nails. Reduced calorie intake can also lead to temporary shortfalls in crucial nutrients such as zinc, biotin, and protein, which are essential for keratin formation.
As GLP-1 medications grow increasingly popular, researchers stress the crucial need for patient vigilance. Individuals using these treatments should closely monitor the condition of their hair and nails and seek medical advice if they notice any significant changes.
Adjusting your diet to ensure adequate vitamin and mineral intake while attempting to shed weight may help minimise these complications. It is essential to consult a doctor before making any substantial dietary or lifestyle changes, particularly if you are taking medication, and to seek professional guidance if you have any concerns or questions.
GLP-1 stands for glucagon-like peptide-1, a natural hormone your gut releases after you eat to help control blood sugar and appetite. According to Gov.uk, in the UK there are several licensed GLP-1 medicines, including semaglutide (sold under the brand names Wegovy, Ozempic, and Rybelsus), tirzepatide (Mounjaro), and liraglutide (sold under various brand names).
